Prior to 1974, workers were commonly exposed to 1,000 ppm vinyl chloride, causing "vinyl chloride illness" such as acroosteolysis and Raynaud's Phenomenon. These releases … Succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for a hazardous substance. U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina was established in 1942. Summary about a hazardous substance taken from Chapter One of its respective ATSDR Toxicological Profile. Vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC). ATSDR and Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) are conducting an extensive review of environmental health concerns raised by the community members in Midlothian, Texas to determine if chemical releases from local industries could or have affected the health of persons and animals in the area. Healthy Child Healthy World describes PVC as the most toxic plastic, and vinyl chloride, the chemical used to make PVC, has been described as a known carcinogen by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. (1) The odor threshold for vinyl chloride is 3,000 ppm. It is a manufactured substance that does not occur naturally. Toxic Exposure Injury Attorneys - Serving Clients Nationwide. For this reason, some items on this page will be unavailable. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. 1997. Vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A recent study that was conducted found that vinyl flooring contains toxic chemicals that include phthalates, lead, flame retardants, and VOCs like formaldehyde that will off gas into the air after the installation process in a home and taint the indoor air quality to hazardous levels. For more than 30 years, leading health, environmental justice, and health-impacted organizations across the country and world have been campaigning to phase out this poison plastic. Addendum to the Toxicological Profile for Vinyl Chloride (February 2016). Short-term exposure to moderate levels of vinyl chloride in the air can result in a headache, vertigo, loss of consciousness, and fatigue.Nervous system damage is also possible. Email: Contact CDC-INFO. Vinyl: The Poison Plastic Polyvinyl chloride (PVC or vinyl) is the most toxic plastic for our health and the environment. recognizing, evaluating, and treating illnesses resulting from exposure to hazardous substances. [ifediba.com] The gas can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and headache when inhaled. Publication intended to aid emergency department physicians and other emergency healthcare professionals who manage acute exposures resulting from chemical incidents. Vinyl chloride is a known animal and human carcinogen that induces angiosarcoma of the liver as well as tumors of the lung and hematolymphopoietic system in humans (Doll 1988; IARC 1987). (4) • The chemical formula for vinyl chloride is C 2 H 3 Cl and the molecular weight is 62.5 g/mol. It has a mild, sweet odor. Vinyl chloride finds its major application in the production of PVC. What is disturbing is the fact that PVC uses chemicals that are quite dangerous to both our health and the environment; yet many of these chemicals are present in our own homes, workplaces and schools where children are exposed to them on a daily basis. Exposure has also been associated with brain tumors. 888-232-6348 (TTY) Note: Javascript is disabled or is not supported by your browser. In 1974, vinyl chloride (VC) was first reported in the open scientific literature to induce angiosarcoma of the liver both in humans and in animals. The MRL is an estimate of the daily human exposure to a hazardous substance that is likely to be without appreciable risk of adverse, non-cancer health effects over a specified duration of exposure. In 1982, the Marine Corps discovered specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the drinking water provided by two of the eight water treatment plants on base. The general population may be exposed by inhaling contaminated air or tobacco smoke. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, an organization under the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vinyl chloride is extremely toxic if inhaled, and it can cause major injuries if exposed to the skin directly. Studies of workers in polyvinyl chloride polymerization of certain plastic and rubber factories revealed that numerous workers had been diagnosed with liver angiosarcoma. Vinyl chloride is a deadly toxic chemical, despite industry’s repeated attempts to hide the threats. For this reason, some items on this page will be unavailable. for the hazard and dose-response assessment in IRIS pertaining to chronic exposure to vinyl chloride. It is not intended to be a comprehensive treatise on the chemical or toxicological nature of vinyl chloride. vinyl chloride 100 75-01-4 Ingredient name % CAS number There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the Vinyl Chloride is a cancer-causing chemical that is highly-toxic, flammable, colorless, and sweet-smelling. [4] These clinics specialize in Additionally, there are reports of cases of significant chronic exposure related to aerosol propellant usage in the 1960s and early 1970s, although VCM is no longer utilized in this manner. It can be formed when other substances such as trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are broken down. Fact sheet that answers the most frequently asked questions about a contaminant and its health effects. Summary: Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas. Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas. [3] Prioritization of substances based on a combination of their frequency, toxicity, and potential for human exposure at National Priorities List (NPL) sites. These documents provide information on the health effects of exposure, the chemical’s toxicity and material for responding to a chemical incident. The intensity of symptoms varies fro… Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas with a mild, sweet odor. (4) Vinyl chloride is slightly soluble in water and is quite flammable. (4) • The vapor pressure for vinyl chloride is 2,600 mm Hg at 25 °C, and it has a log It is a manufactured substance that does not occur naturally. It is used to make PVC, which is an ingredient in making plastic products, such as pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. An emerging toxic plastic of concern, polyvinyl chloride (PVC or vinyl), is used widespread in schools across the nation. It can be formed when other substances such as trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are broken down. Vinyl chloride | H2C=CHCl or (C2H3Cl)n or C2H3Cl | CID 6338 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Vinyl chloride has little acute toxicity, and air levels over 8000 ppm may be tolerated for 5 minutes without the development of symptoms. Doctors pinpointed the carcinogenicity of vinyl chloride in the late 1960s. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. For more information about this message, please visit this page: Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, Medical Management Guidelines (MMG) for Acute Chemical Exposure, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Quick Reference for Health Care Providers. Vinyl chloride is also known as chloroethene, chloroethylene, and ethylene monochloride. No other plastic contains or releases as many dangerous chemicals. The information in this MRL serves as a screening tool to help public health professionals decide where to look more closely to evaluate possible risk of adverse health effects from human exposure. Case Studies in Environmental Medicine. It burns easily and it is not stable at high temperatures. The symptoms of vinyl chloride exposure are classified by ppm levels in ambient air with 4,000 ppmhaving a threshold effect. • Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas with a mild, sweet odor. The major industrial preparation of vinyl chloride begins with ethylene and has two The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. PVC is used to make a variety of plastic products, including pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. Vinyl Chloride Toxicity. Toxicological Profile for Vinyl Chloride (Update). (1) The chemical formula for vinyl chloride is C In the environment, the highest levels of vinyl chloride are found in … [1] [2][3] VCM is now classified as an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Group 1 carcinogen. These chemicals include dioxins that are among the most toxic chemicals known to science. It is used in the plastics industry, often to produce PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and does not occur naturally in the environment. Additional research has now demonstrated the carcinogenicity of VC to other organs and at lower concentrations. Water from the Tarawa Terrace Treatment Plant was contaminated by PCE (perchloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene). Note: Javascript is disabled or is not supported by your browser. It is primarily used to make Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), the 3rd most-popular plastic material in the world. To sum up: During its lifecycle PVC plastic releases toxic, chlorine-based chemicals that build up in the world’s ecosystems and end up in the food chain and eventually in humans and animals. Polyvinyl chloride, also known as PVC or vinyl, is arguably one of the most toxic types of plastic in our lives. The target organs for VC now clearly in … Detailed Toxicity Information: Acute Toxicity 2: Vinyl chloride WHO Acute Hazard TRI Acute Hazard Material Safety Data Sheets Acute rating from U.S. EPA product label U.S. NTP Acute Toxicity Studies View Studies Cholinesterase Inhibitor: Not Listed Not Listed Not … VC is the most toxic plastic for our health and environment. It has a mild, sweet odor. Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) is a colorless, gaseous, sweet-smelling organochloride primarily used in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with additional historical usage before the 1970s as an aerosol propellant and refrigerant. From 1987 to 1993, according to EPA's Toxic Release Inventory, vinyl chloride releases to water and land totalled over 38,000 lbs. Workers at facilities where vinyl chloride is produced or used may be exposed primarily through inhalation. Quick reference guide providing information such as chemical and physical properties, sources of exposure, routes of exposure, minimal risk levels, children's health, and health effects for a substance. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). One reason why PVC is so toxic is that it is often mixed with softening chemicals called plasticizers, the most well known variety being phalates. Vinyl chloride, a colourless, flammable, toxic gas belonging to the family of organohalogen compounds and used principally in making polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, a widely used plastic with numerous applications. Vinyl chloride, a chemical known to cause cancer, poisons the air breathed by workers and people living in contaminated communities. For more information about this message, please visit this page: Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, Health Effects of Exposure to Substances and Carcinogens, Community Environmental Health Education Presentations, Case Studies in Environmental Medicine (CSEM), Toxicology Curriculum for Communities Trainer's Manual, Compendium of Papers on MRLs and Health Effects, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. PVC – the Poison Plastic. Dubbed the most toxic plastic, vinyl – or polyvinyl chloride – is used today in a superfluity of items surrounding us. Please contact NTP, IARC, or EPA’s IRIS Hotline with questions on cancer and cancer classification. (4) • The odor threshold for vinyl chloride ranges from 260 ppm to 4,000 ppm. ATSDR can also tell you the location of occupational and environmental health clinics. It is volatile, so the primary exposure is via inhalation as against food or water with occupational hazards being highest. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. 1990. In Section 6, EPA has characterized its overall confidence in the quantitative and qualitative aspects of hazard and dose response. Small quantities of vinyl chloride can be released to food since it is used to make many food wrappings and containers. Most of it is made in the United States. Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas with a mildly sweet smell that is flammable. It burns easily and it is not stable at high temperatures. Vinyl chloride causes angiosarcoma, brain and lung cancers, lymphoma, and leukemia. Plasticized or Flexible PVC (Density: 1.1-1.35 g/cm3): Flexible PVC is formed by the addition of compatible plasticizers to PVC which lower the crystallinity. Chloroethene, Chloroethylene, Ethylene monochloride, Monochloroethene, Monochloroethylene, VC, VCM, Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) Colorless gas or liquid (below 7°F) with a pleasant odor at high concentrations. 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